Thierry de Duve

Thierry de Duve is Evelyn Kranes Kossak Professor at Hunter College, CUNY. His last published book is Duchamp’s Telegram, From Beaux-Arts to Art-in-General (London: Reaktion Books, 2023).

The new generation of artists that emerged in the late fifties/early sixties did not wait for the seventy-six-year-old Marcel Duchamp to be given his first museum exhibition at the Pasadena Art Museum in 1963 to be—or so the story goes—under his influence. Yet the wobbly concept of influence seems inadequate to account for such sudden efflorescence. How would you personally account for it? Do you think that the current MoMA exhibition will—or should—significantly change our critical perception of Duchamp’s work?

Portrait of Thierry de Duve, pencil on paper by Phong H. Bui.

What I think you think, if you are a well-informed art lover who visits the galleries and reads the Brooklyn Rail, is that Fountain, Marcel Duchamp’s famous and infamous urinal signed R. Mutt and dated 1917, initiated a sea change in the art world: a radical break and not just a new style, as the one set in motion by Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907).

Ben (Benjamin Vautier), Boîte noire (depuis Duchamp on peut mettre n’importe quoi dans cette boite) (Black Box [Since Duchamp One Is Allowed to Put Anything into This Box]), 1962/1981. Acrylic on wood, 15 × 19 ¼ × 17 ⅛ inches. © 2026 Ben Vautier / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris.
What struck me was that this guy Duchamp got away with calling a urinal art without designing it, while I might someday have to design a urinal without calling it art. There was a logical chiasma there, at the center of which was the issue of the name. It stayed with me.
It’s almost an aside in the essay Richard Shiff gave me to read as an incentive to “respond” to his piece in the Brooklyn Rail that prompted me to pick up on his invitation. The context is a discussion of chance and whether its outcome in a work of art is significant or insignificant.

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